Research in Biochemistry - Pheromones
Pheromones are specialized chemical compounds produced by animals that affect the behavior of other members of their species. Female Manducas produce sex pheromones that attract males for mating.
Researchers are studying both the production of these pheromones in females and the sensory systems of males. Scientists are now able to create synthetic Manduca pheromones. These are being used to study ways to control Manduca reproduction as a means of pest management, as well as controlling Manduca's flight behavior.
Males vs. Females
When it comes to sex pheromones, male and female Manducas are very different. Females produce pheromones, but don't have the specialized sensory organs to detect them.
The males have a highly-developed sense of smell for detecting pheromones, but don't produce them.
Scientists studying the chemistry of pheromones work primarily with females, while those interested in olfaction (smell) work with males.
How to tell:
As larvae, it is extremely difficult to determine the sex of Manducas. In adult moths, the male's antennae are somewhat broader than the female's. It is much easier to tell a male from a female during the pupal stage, when signs of the developing reproductive system are visible.
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